Paleo-environment and provenance in a lacustrine shallow-water delta-meandering river sedimentary system: insights from the Middle–Upper Jurassic formations of the Fukang Sag of Junggar Basin,NW China     

L. Luo  X. Tan  J. Gluyas  J. Wang  X. Kong 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2019,66(5):699-722

The Middle–Upper Jurassic Shishugou Group in the central Junggar Basin was deposited in a lacustrine shallow-water delta-meandering river sedimentary system. The integrated petrological (thin-section, granularity and heavy minerals analysis), geochemical (trace elements and rare earth elements analysis) and geophysical analyses (well logging and 3D-seismic slice analysis) are used to determine redox conditions, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, provenance and sedimentary evolution extant during deposition of the Shishugou Group: (1) the redox condition changed from a weak anoxic/oxic condition to a strongly oxic condition; (2) the climate changed from humid to hot and arid in the Middle–Late Jurassic, which may have resulted in the lake water having slight–medium salinity; (3) the relatively distant northeastern provenance from the Kelameili Mountain is the most important sediment source; and (4) the south provenance from the Tianshan Mountains (Bogeda Shan) decreases with the development of the sag piedmont, which supplies sediments to the southeastern Fukang Sag. The sedimentary environment changed from a lacustrine shallow-water delta to a meandering river during the deposition of the Shishugou Group. The shallow-water meandering river delta was characterised by pervasive mudstones with oxide colours, thin single-layer sand bodies (1–15?m, mean 3?m), relatively low sand–strata ratios (0.2–0.5) and the absence of progradation, mouth bars and reverse rhythms. The gentle slope is the primary condition necessary for the formation of a shallow-water meandering river delta. Paleo-environment (climate change from warm-humid to hot-arid) and the stable and remote Kelameili Mountain provenance played critical roles in the development and evolution of lacustrine–delta-meandering river sedimentary systems.  相似文献   

中非Muglad盆地Sufyan凹陷现今地层残余结构特征与成因     

黄彤飞  张光亚  刘爱香  史艳丽  王敏  邹荃  许昕  杨志强 《岩石学报》2019,35(4):1225-1237

盆地(或凹陷)结构是由盆地构造与沉积演化决定的,因此分析恢复中非Muglad盆地Sufyan凹陷构造与沉积演化过程对于认识该凹陷现今残余结构具有重要的作用。本文通过对该凹陷现今结构特征描述、地层不整合面识别与剥蚀量恢复以及构造沉降和沉积充填历史恢复,并结合区域构造演化分析,对该凹陷现今结构几何学特征、运动学过程与动力学成因及控油作用进行了研究。结果表明:Sufyan凹陷现今地层剖面主要由第一裂谷作用旋回的沉积构成。该旋回期地层约占凹陷现今沉积地层厚度的79%～81%。凹陷现今残余结构主要受三期裂谷作用差异演化控制,而受晚白垩世挤压剥蚀(厚度介于0～360m之间)的影响较小。造成凹陷三期裂谷旋回差异演化的主要原因是三期伸展应力来源、大小、方向的差异。诱发凹陷第一裂谷旋回期的应力主要来源于由中非剪切带的剪切应力转换的伸展应力。第二裂谷旋回期,中非剪切带运动方向由右旋逐渐转为左旋,造成该凹陷位置的伸展应力场减弱,并逐渐转为挤压状态,使得该演化阶段早期沉积的地层(Darfur群)后期发生反转剥蚀减薄。在该凹陷第三裂谷旋回期,东非裂谷成为非洲大陆新的构造活动区域。受此影响,中非剪切带活动逐渐停止,而红海裂谷张开产生伸展应力场与该凹陷长轴近平行,造成第三期断坳旋回在该凹陷几乎不发育,最终使该凹陷现今早断早衰型残余结构得以形成。该结构控油作用主要体现在主力成藏组合与油气优势运移方向方面。早衰型结构造成了Sufyan凹陷中组合和上组合成藏条件不佳,其下组合Abu Gabra(简称AG,下同)组自生自储自盖型成藏组合为该凹陷的主力成藏组合。挤压反转造成中部构造带形成构造高部位,成为了凹陷油气二次运移的主要指向,是凹陷油气勘探的有利区带。  相似文献   

塔木察格盆地南贝尔凹陷塔Ⅱ油层组火山碎屑岩储层特征研究     

师江波 《世界地质》2017,36(1):195-201

蒙古国塔木察格盆地南贝尔凹陷下白垩统塔Ⅱ油层组的主要岩石类型为岩屑长石砂岩和凝灰质砂岩,其储层物性、成岩作用特征与正常沉积岩相比具有独特性。应用偏光显微镜、扫描电镜及X射线衍射分析等测试手段,对研究区储集层的岩石学特征、物性特征、成岩作用及演化等进行了详细研究。结果表明:粒间孔、杂基间微孔、粒间溶孔等是塔木察格盆地南贝尔凹陷塔Ⅱ油层组的主要孔隙类型;塔Ⅱ油层组储层成岩阶段以中成岩阶段A期为主,压实作用和胶结作用是造成储层孔隙度降低的主要因素,长石和凝灰质物质的溶蚀溶解作用有利于次生孔隙的形成。  相似文献   

渤南低凸起北坡坡折带特征及其沉积充填响应     

杨悠然  杨香华  朱红涛  李森  官大勇  王昕  曾智伟  雷鸣 《现代地质》2016,30(5):1072-1084

渤南低凸起北部东二下段发育多种类型的沉积体,与坡折带的结构与演化密切相关。东二下段沉积时期,渤南低凸起北部斜坡带发育一个完整的坡折带沉积旋回：坡折带演化早期,即东二下段沉积早期,渤南低凸起北部斜坡上有断裂活动,斜坡坡度较大、起伏不平,发育一些古沟谷与洼地,其内堆积了近源碎屑物,在地震剖面上可见古沟谷内充填杂乱或蠕虫状地震反射体;坡折带演化晚期,即东二下段沉积晚期,伴随着准平原化斜坡被填低补齐,演变为沉积物的搬运通道,碎屑物借道斜坡被带到洼陷内部沉积,发育一系列高角度前积地震反射体。东二下段沉积早期斜坡内部古沟谷充填的杂乱或蠕虫状的地震反射体为近源快速堆积的产物,主要分布在第一坡折带内;东二下段沉积晚期洼陷内部发育的高角度前积地震反射体为远源沉积,主要分布在第二坡折带内。渤南低凸起北部斜坡带发育典型的坡折带演化旋回,空间上不同成因地震异常体从斜坡带向洼陷内转移,共同构成一组具有成因联系的坡折带-沉积复合体。  相似文献   

黄骅坳陷沧东凹陷孔二段泥页岩裂缝发育特征及主控因素分析     

陈世悦  龚文磊  张顺  蒲秀刚  马洪坤  时战楠  张跃 《现代地质》2016,30(1):144-154

黄骅坳陷沧东凹陷孔二段泥页岩沉积厚度大,有机质丰度高、类型好,是泥页岩致密油气勘探开发的重点层位之一。在岩心精细观察与描述基础上,利用偏光显微镜、荧光显微镜、激光共聚焦显微镜观察以及X射线衍射分析、岩石热解分析等技术手段,对沧东凹陷孔二段泥页岩的岩石学特征、裂缝类型及发育特征(长度、开度、角度、充填物等)进行研究,并分析了裂缝发育的主控因素。沧东凹陷孔二段泥页岩主要由长英质矿物、碳酸盐矿物及黏土矿物组成,主要岩性包括云质泥岩、砂质泥岩、泥质云岩、砂质云岩及白云岩等,沉积构造类型包括块状构造、层状构造、纹层状构造及透镜状构造等。孔二段泥页岩主要发育构造缝、层理缝、差异压实缝及异常高压缝等4种裂缝,其中构造缝最发育,其次为层理缝和差异压实缝,异常高压缝发育较少,裂缝中充填物主要包括黄铁矿、方沸石、方解石及沥青等。研究表明,构造作用、岩性与矿物组成、沉积构造、成岩作用及有机质丰度是控制沧东凹陷孔二段泥页岩裂缝发育的主要因素。  相似文献   

东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组震积岩的认识及意义   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

高红灿  郑荣才  陈发亮  朱宝兵  宋萍  刘显英  付晓宁 《古地理学报》2010,12(4):384-398

通过对东濮凹陷北部古近系沙河街组的大量岩心观察和区域沉积-构造演化的分析,认为原地形 成的震积岩普遍发育,以独具特色的软沉积物同生变形构造为主,主要有液化砂岩脉、火焰构造、枕状构造、 球-枕构造、假结核、泄水构造、液化卷曲变形构造、液化水压破裂构造和粒序断层等,并综合出原地形成的 震积岩软沉积物同生变形构造的垂向序列,自下而上依次为液化砂岩脉段、液化角砾岩段、液化卷曲变形段、 震塌岩段以及液化均一层段,而球-枕构造和液化砂岩脉的形成主要与厚层泥岩夹砂岩有关,在震积序列的各 部位均可出现。在东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组中识别出液化角砾岩、震褶岩、震塌岩 ３种类型的震积岩。震积岩 的识别,为长期以来人们对东濮凹陷古近系沙河街组砂体沉积的 “ 重力流”与 “ 牵引流”以及相应盐岩成因的 “ 深水成盐”与 “ 浅水成盐”的争论,从岩石学特征方面提供了一些肯定或否定的证据,使这些问题逐渐趋于 明朗化。另外,震积岩是潜在的有利储集体,可能为东濮凹陷的勘探开发提供一个新的方向。  相似文献   

Orbital cyclicity in sedimentary sequence and climatic indications of C-O isotopes from Lower Cretaceous in Qingxi Sag,Jiuquan Basin,NW China     

Siding Jin  Haiyang Cao  Hua Wang  Michael Wagreich  Sylvain Richoz 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):467-479

Sedimentary deposits of the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation form the most significant potential hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin(NW China). Zircon U-Pb ages of the dated basalts at the top of the Xiagou Formation give an isochron age of 115.6 Ma, and the sedimentation interval of the Xiagou Formation was speculated to range from about 125/124 Ma to 115 Ma based on paleontological research and stratigraphic correlation analysis. Here we use GR logging data as a palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic proxy to conduct a detailed cyclostratigraphic study of five selected wells. Power spectra, evolutionary fast Fourier transformation and wavelet analysis all reveal significant sedimentary cycles in the Xiagou Formation. The ratios of cycle wavelengths in these stratigraphic units are 33.82 m : 7.91 m : 3.06 m : 1.79 m, which is similar to the ratio of orbital targets of 20 : 5 : 2 : 1. The ratio of 20 : 5 : 2 : 1 is interpreted as Milankovitch cycles of 405 kyr long eccentricity,100 kyr short eccentricity, 37 kyr obliquity, and 22 kyr precession cycles respectively. A high-resolution astronomical time scale is constructed by tuning the stratigraphy into target curves of orbital cycles respectively. Based on the astronomical time scale, the absolute ages of 55 samples were estimated,which are used for subsequent stable carbon and oxygen isotope stratigraphy analysis. The analysis results of the five studied wells in the Qingxi Sag indicate:(1) a negative trend of δ~(13)C values upwards in the Xiagou Formation, and(2) negative δ~(18)O values with a positive trend upwards. Both relatively heavy values and pronounced covariances of δ~(13)C values and δ~(18)O values indicate an arid-evaporationcontrolled climate during the sedimentary period of the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation, Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin. Moreover, positive covariances of SQK_1g_(2+3) indicate extremely high temperature, and negative covariances of SQK_1g_1 indicate a relatively low temperature.  相似文献   

Discovery of Hesigewula Sag on the western margin of Da Hinggan Mountains in China and its significance in petroleum geology     

《China Geology》2019,2(4):439-457

With Songliao Basin in northeast China entering the middle-late stage of the exploration and development of oil and gas resources, it is urgent to open up new areas for oil and gas exploration on the periphery of the basin. Five sedimentary sags have been discovered in the western margin of the Da Hinggan Mountains through high-precision gravity, magnetic, and electrical prospecting engineering. According to the conditions of the 5 sags such as buried depth, area, and the scale of source rock, Hesigewula Sag was preferentially selected to deploy two-dimensional seismic prospecting and drilling. As a result, the stratigraphic distribution and structure of Hesigewula Sag were preliminarily ascertained, the main sedimentary facies developed in Aershan Formation-Tengger Formation of the Lower Cretaceous was summarized, and the assessment parameters of source rock of Hesigewula Sag were obtained. According to the research results, the Hesigewula Sag can be divided into 3 second-order tectonic units including the western bulge, the central sag, and the eastern bulge respectively, and the sag was formed mainly subject to the west fractures. Three sedimentary facies including fan delta facies, braided river delta facies, and lacustrine facies have been identified in the Aershan Formation-Tengger Formation of the sag. The source rock in the first member and second member of Tengger Formation in the sag features high abundance of organic matter, meeting the standards of good source rocks. The kerogen of the source rock is mainly of type II₁ – II₂. The organic matter in the source rock is characterized by low maturity and it entered the evolution stage of low maturity from the second member of Tengger Formation. Furthermore, Hesigewula Sag bears a strong similarity to other petroliferous sags in Erlian Basin in structure, sedimentation, source rock, and other characteristics. Therefore, it can be preliminarily determined that Hesigewula Sag boasts great potential for oil and gas resources.  相似文献   

二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷下白垩统赛汉塔拉组层序地层及聚煤特征          下载免费PDF全文

王帅  邵龙义  闫志明  孙钦平  王东东  鲁静  孙斌 《古地理学报》2015,17(3):393-404

二连盆地吉尔嘎朗图凹陷是一个陆相断陷聚煤盆地,下白垩统赛汉塔拉组是其主要含煤地层,作者利用岩心、钻孔资料对其岩相类型、沉积相、层序地层及聚煤作用特征进行研究。(1)赛汉塔拉组主要由砂砾岩、砂岩、粉砂岩、泥岩、碳质泥岩及厚层褐煤组成,发育扇三角洲平原相、扇三角洲前缘相、辫状河三角洲平原相、辫状河三角洲前缘相、滨浅湖相,分别属于扇三角洲沉积体系、辫状河三角洲沉积体系和湖泊沉积体系。(2)识别出2种层序界面:不整合面和下切谷冲刷面,将赛汉塔拉组划分为2个三级层序。从层序Ⅰ到层序Ⅱ,煤层厚度逐渐增大,聚煤作用逐渐增强。(3)在滨浅湖环境下厚煤层主要形成于湖侵体系域早期,在扇/辫状河三角洲环境下厚煤层主要形成于湖侵体系域晚期,煤层厚度在凹陷中部最大,向西北和东南方向均变小。聚煤作用明显受基底沉降作用影响,可容空间增加速率与泥炭堆积速率相平衡,从而形成了区内巨厚煤层。  相似文献   

黄河口凹陷西北部湖底扇的沉积演化及发育模式——以古近纪沙三下亚段为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

剧永涛  刘豪  辛仁臣 《东北石油大学学报》2012,(1):8-13,30,7,6

湖底扇是黄河口凹陷古近纪一种重要的沉积类型,扇体储集物性和含油性较好,具有勘探价值.研究黄河口凹陷沙河街组沙三下亚段岩心、测井、地震反射特征,认为A区含油砂岩体为在半深湖—深湖环境形成的2种类型湖底扇沉积.低位域时期发育远岸的深水浊积湖底扇;湖扩域和高位域时期发育由三角洲前缘砂体滑塌进入湖底堆积而成的滑塌浊积湖底扇.从空间分布看,深水浊积扇主要发育在低位域湖盆内二阶断裂的下降盘;滑塌浊积扇主要发育在研究区南部的断裂陡坡带,位于扇三角洲前方,且扇体规模较大,发育时间长.湖底扇的发育受沉积坡折和断裂坡折的控制.由于构造背景、湖平面变化及物源供应不同,湖底扇的位置、规模和形态也不尽相同.  相似文献